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Chemistry Asked by a SnapAndSolve user · about 1 hour ago

Draw one representation that shows the intermolecular interactions between NH3 and water and another that...

1) Draw one representation that shows the intermolecular interactions between NH3 and water and another that shows the intermolecular interactions between SbH3 and water. Use your representations to help explain why NH3 has a higher solubility in water than SbH3.
2) Explain why CH3OH is miscible in water whereas CH3(CH2)5OH is not.
3) Which of the compounds below is most soluble in water? Justify your answer. HOCH2CH2OH or CH3CH2OH
4) Potassium bromide is least soluble in which of the two liquids from each set below. Justify your choice. a. H2O or CH4 b. CH3OH or CH3CH2OH c. NH3 or Br2
5) In the following images, a single unit represents one mole of a particle and the boxes represent one-liter containers. Circle the illustration that provides the best representation a 4 M solution of NaCl.
6) The following questions pertain to a sample of steel. a. Create a representation of steel that shows the iron and carbon atoms. b. What type of alloy is steel?
7) A 1.34 mole sample of LiCl dissolves in water. The volume of the final solution is 0.86 L. Find the molarity of the solution.
8) A 99.8 g sample of glucose, C6H12O6, is dissolved in enough water to produce a 1395 mL solution. What is the molarity of the solution?
9) How many grams of MgSO4·9H2O are needed to prepare 125 mL of 0.200 M magnesium sulfate?

Answer

  1. NH3 and Water: NH3 can form hydrogen bonds with water due to the presence of a lone pair on nitrogen and hydrogen atoms. SbH3 and Water: SbH3 cannot form hydrogen bonds as effectively as NH3 due to the larger size and lower electronegativity of Sb compared to N. This results in NH3 having higher solubility in water.

  2. CH3OH is miscible in water because it can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules due to its hydroxyl group. CH3(CH2)5OH has a longer nonpolar hydrocarbon chain, which reduces its ability to interact with water, making it less miscible.

  3. HOCH2CH2OH is more soluble in water because it has two hydroxyl groups that can form hydrogen bonds with water, increasing its solubility compared to CH3CH2OH, which has only one hydroxyl group.

    1. H2O, because it is polar and can dissolve ionic compounds like KBr, unlike CH4 which is nonpolar.

    2. CH3OH, because it is more polar than CH3CH2OH, allowing better solubility of ionic compounds like KBr.

    3. NH3, because it is polar and can dissolve ionic compounds better than Br2, which is nonpolar.

  5. The illustration with four particles in a box represents a 4 M solution of NaCl, assuming each particle represents 1 mole of NaCl in 1 liter of solution.

    1. Steel is an alloy consisting of iron atoms with interspersed carbon atoms.

    2. Steel is a substitutional alloy.

  7. Molarity = moles of solute / liters of solution = 1.34 moles / 0.86 L = 1.558 M

  8. Molarity = moles of solute / liters of solution. Moles of glucose = 99.8 g / 180.18 g/mol = 0.554 moles. Molarity = 0.554 moles / 1.395 L = 0.397 M

  9. Moles of MgSO4 needed = 0.200 M * 0.125 L = 0.025 moles. Molar mass of MgSO4·9H2O = 246.47 g/mol. Mass needed = 0.025 moles * 246.47 g/mol = 6.162 g

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